You are invited to participate in a short research study about decision-making under uncertainty.
This study is designed for undergraduate students and takes about 1 minute to complete.
Optional Video: What Is the Ellsberg Paradox?
YouTube explainer
You can watch this short explanation before starting, or skip it and begin the study right away.
Watch the explanation on YouTube
This opens the original video in a new tab, which is more reliable than embedding it directly in the page.
In this study, you will complete 1 decision trial. You will read a brief gambling scenario and choose between two options.
One option involves a known probability, and the other involves an ambiguous probability.
Risks and voluntary participation
There are no major risks expected beyond those of everyday decision-making tasks.
Some participants may feel mild discomfort when thinking about gains or losses.
Your participation is completely voluntary.
You may stop at any time without penalty.
Researcher note: this page can be shared as a study link in recruitment emails.
Live Session
Ready
Decision Score
0
Live Decision Trial
Trial 1 of 1
Decision Task
Trial Remaining
1
Known Choices
0
Ambiguous Choices
0
Progress: 1 / 1Condition: --
Please read the scenario below carefully and select the option you would choose.
Scenario: Imagine a container with 90 balls.
30 balls are red.
60 balls are black or yellow, but the exact number of black balls is unknown.
A single ball will be drawn at random from the container.
Red balls are known. The remaining 60 balls are shown as mixed because the exact number of black vs. yellow balls is unknown.
Option A
Known Gamble
$100
Option B
Ambiguous Gamble
$100
Your decision pattern so far
Balanced
More knownBalancedMore ambiguous
Ball Draw Preview
Make a choice to see a quick draw animation before the result screen.
Study Complete
Thank You
Your response has been recorded.
Total trials completed:
Your assigned condition:
Gain trials:
Loss trials:
Known choices:
Ambiguous choices:
Comparison With Stored Average Data
After your submission, the page will load summary data from Google Sheets and compare your response with the average of all recorded participants.
Waiting to load group averages...
Debrief
This study examines whether people are more likely to avoid ambiguity when a gamble is framed as a gain
versus a loss. Specifically, it compares choices between a known gamble and an ambiguous gamble
in a single Ellsberg paradox decision.
Researcher note: for real data collection, connect the saved response object to Google Forms, Qualtrics, Firebase, or another approved storage system.